PSG has now secured the prestigious cup on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring early on.
Yet, Marseille fired two times in the closing moments to take a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital equaliser in the final moments to send the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for PSG to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the past thirteen years.